Issue 47

A. Chouiter et alii, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 47 (2019) 30-38; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.47.03 37 Figure 7 : Cycle life of expansion bellow. C ONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES n this paper, we presented a new method based upon damage mechanics, which is now in its stage of maturity. Our main motivation in this work was to show that this method is a contribution to calculation of expansion bellow failure. In spite of some differences between proposed method results and the ASME results, our method has a good performance in predicting the bellow cycle life to failure. We believe that this work opens widely, the way to research and that its logical continuity should be based on the following points:  From a theoretical point of view:  Use of a surface of charge taking into account material strain hardeing;  Using a damage anisotropic theory.  From the numerical point of view:  Use of finite elements more robust. R EFERENCES [1] TEMA9th. (2007). Standard of tubular exchanger manufacturers association. New York .Inc. [2] Lee, S. (2002). Study on the forming parameters of the metal bellows. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, pp. 47–53. [3] Becht, C. B. (2000). Fatigue of bellows, a new design approach. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, pp. 843–850. [4] Zupei, S. (1996). Approximate calculation of U-shaped bellows. Tsinghua Science and Technology, pp. 305 - 309. [5] Broman, G., Jönsson, A and Hermann., M. (2000). Determining dynamic characteristics of bellows by manipulated beam finite elements of commercial software. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 77, pp. 445–453. [6] Kang, H. W., Lee, I. H and Cho, D.-W. (2006). Development of a micro-bellows actuator using micro- stereolithography technology. Microelectronic Engineering, pp. 1201–1204. [7] Faraji, G., Besharati, M. K., Mosavi, M and Kashanizadeh, H. (2008). Experimental and finite element analysis of parameters in manufacturing of metal bellows. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, pp. 641–648. [8] Faraji, G., Mashhadi, M. M and Norouzifard, V. (2009). Evaluation of effective parameters in metal bellows forming process. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, pp. 3431–3437. I