Issue 41

M. Sakane et alii, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 41 (2017) 16-23; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS41.03 19 into the factor of two band but those of the two steels with the shear cracking exceed the band. This result suggests that a fatigue life with shear cracking is slightly longer than that with principal cracking at the same von Mises strain condition. Figure 3 : Cracking mode and transition angle of main crack for three materials. Notch and pre crack Notch and precrack also have evident but complex influences on cracking direction in multiaxial LCF. Sakane et al. [12] reported effects of a notch and precracks on cracking direction in torsion LCF of a SUS 304 stainless steel. The geometry of the notch and precracks is shown in Fig.4. The diameter of the notch is 0.6 mm and the notch was machined with a drill to penetrate a 1.5 mm wall thickness of tube specimen. Two types of precracks were provided by applying high cycle fatigue cyclic loading for Type I precrack with tension loading and for Type II precrack with torsion loading. The length of the precracks is 1.0 mm including the notch hole for Type I and Type II precracks. 0.2  0.6 0.2 Type I Type II Specimen axis Figure 4 : Schematic of two precrack directions. Fig.5 shows cracking directions of smooth, notched and precracked specimens in torsion LCF loading. The cracking direction of the smooth specimen, Fig.5 (a) [12] , is the shear direction that is commonly observed cracking direction at high strain/stress ranges. However, the cracking direction of the notched specimen with a 0.6 mm diameter is the principal directions as shown in Fig.5 (b) [12]. Putting the notch hole changes the cracking direction. To induce shear cracking, the specimen with shear precrack (Type I crack) in Fig.4 was fatigued but the cracking direction was the principal directions as shown in Fig.5 (c) [12]. Type II precracked specimen also yielded the principal crack. However, notch and precrack do not always bring the principal crack. The influence of the notch may change depending on the notch size and material. The 1CrMoV specimen with a through hole with 0.2 mm diameter in Fig.5 (d) [11] showed shear cracking as well as the smooth specimen. Furthermore, the SUS 304 specimen with a surface hole with 0.1 mm diameter and 0.1 mm depth yielded a short principal cracking followed by a shear cracking, Fig.5 (e) [13]. The last two results, shown in Fig.5 (d) and Fig.5 (e), presumably indicate that the notch effect on cracking direction may change depending on the geometry of notch and material.