Issue 39

V. Salajka et alii, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale, 39 (2017) 88-99; DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.39.10 92 3980x500x500 of the “L” model, or 2074x500x500 the “S” model, is considered as elastically placed in the calculations, because the floor showed to be yielding. Relatively rigid beam placing is modelled by the COMBIN14 and SHELL181 elements. The clay blocks are bound by the mortar at the horizontal direction and they are without filling in the vertical joints. Figure 6 : Scheme of locations of indicators – walls L and arrangement of device for vertical loading. a) “L” type model b) “S” type model Figure 7 : Axonometric view on models – finite elements mesh. The interaction between the blocks, possibly the mortar is modelled using contact pairs – the elements of CONTA173 and TARG170 type (Fig. 8). Similarly, these elements are put between the mortar and the concrete beams. The wall height including the mortar is 2,749 mm. The upper concrete beam is 2,928 mm long (1,789 mm “S” type), 150 mm high and 500 mm wide. The steel girder is bound with the concrete beam firmly. The external contour of the girder that is 3,500 mm long is 300x250 mm. Down pressure (the constant vertical load) is brought into the structure using special PRETS179 elements in connection with BEAM44 elements that allow a horizontal slip at the leaning point on the girder and a delivering area of SHELL63 elements. The setting depends on the compressive force and rigidity in the vertical direction. Thus, the down pressure is implemented at four locations at the “L” type walls (Fig. 6). This method of the pressure forces setting did not prove successful with the short wall models. The upper girder tended to tilt during the movement because of the eccentric action of the vertical forces. The models were supplemented with two sliding beams on the main load distribution beam. Thanks to this, the girder guiding at the forced horizontal displacement was ensured. These beams of the length of 1,000 mm, the height and the width of 250 mm are modelled in a simplified manner. The compressive force is applied by the special PRETS179 elements in the connection with the LINK8 elements and again at four points. The modified