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ABSTRACT. Fiber Bragg Grating sensors (FBG) are widely used for monitoring the stress states of engineering structures. Due to their fundamental features, primarily their small size, which enables minimal interference with the physical characteristic being measured and the element under investigation, and the very high sensitivity, up to 0.1  (microstrain) for the mechanical deformation and up to 0.1 ° C for temperature changes, these sensors are particularly suitable for long term, real time, observation, of structures at risk, from modern civil buildings to historical and cultural heritage structures. Purpose of this paper is to show two applications of FBG sensors, one on a bronze statues, where were found cracks during the restoration phase. The second application is related to the use of an FBG sensors system to monitor some cracks detected in one of the towers of the Aurelian walls in Rome. In both applications, FBG sensors were applied on cracks, in order to check the deformations induced by known loads applied, on the damaged as well as on the undamaged parts, to evaluate risk that the presence of such cracks represents for the integrity of the statue, for the first case, and for the Aurelian walls for the second case, in the near future. The paper describes the obtained results, suggesting the FBG sensors as a nondestructive investigative tool for a range of key applications on historical heritage interests.