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This paper studies the fatigue behaviour of dental implants made ofcommercially pure titanium grade 4. This work analyses the influence of differentfactors: stress concentration at the external thread and the surface treatment. Thisobjective is achieved by designing a series of fatigue tests in simple geometries (smoothspecimens with and without the surface treatment) and in commercial implants. On theother hand, the stresses in the implant have been modelled with ANSYS, from thesestresses the stress intensity factor is calculated and the initiation and propagationphases are analysed. Finally the theoretical and experimental results are compared.